01 — OVERVIEW

Executive Overview

Every year, millions of cremations are performed worldwide using traditional wooden coffins. This generates significant environmental impacts:

large amounts of CO₂ emissions
emissions of particulate matter and other volatile compounds
destruction of entire forests
loss of biodiversity

This creates a structural inefficiency within the cremation process.

In a standard cremation, following the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA):
Human body
~70 kg CO₂
Wooden coffin
~207 kg CO₂

The coffin produces approximately three times the emissions of the body itself. It is not a passive element, but a dominant variable in the process, this highlights a critical point.

The Proposed Solution

Alberto Recchioni, a Chemist, developed a project in collaboration with the Department of Engineering, Polytechnic University of Marche (Italy).

The innovative coffin was built using bio-based polymer materials, bioPE, derived from renewable sources (sugar cane). Its key characteristic is a negative carbon footprint of −2.12 kg of CO₂. Furthermore, bioPE and wood have important basic chemical differences:

BIOPE
Almost pure hydrocarbon
(C + H)
Wood
Lignin structure
−2.12
kg CO₂
Negative carbon footprint
Request technical review

Full test protocols, measurement boundaries, and datasets can be shared under NDA for technical review.

Thank you. We will get back to you shortly to arrange the technical review.
Something went wrong. Please try again or write to us directly.
02 — Evaluation

Real-World Engineering Evaluation

Under the same operating conditions, different effects are produced:

bioPE (20 kg) — Wood (70 kg)
Temp 850–1000 °C
Same type of furnace
First important Environmental benefit
90
%
Reduction in CO₂ emissions

1) The bioPE coffin reduces CO₂
emissions by 90%

2) Comparison of emissions:

PollutingbioPE (20 kg)Wood (70 kg)
CO₂ (Life Cycle Assessment) – LCA19,6200,0
PM (Particulate)lowhigher
PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)low/0medium
VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds)lowhigher
COlowlow–medium
Ashes~0high

Conclusions

The new solution contributes to: up to 90% reduction in CO₂ emissions from the coffin, elimination of particulate and harmful volatile compounds, total ash reduction, improved environmental performance of cremation facilities.

This is particularly relevant in urban environments where crematoria operate under strict environmental expectations.

03 — Benefits

Additional benefits on the bioPE coffin

Operational Impacts

Under controlled conditions, the system enables:

Rapid ignition

Reduction of cremation time by approx. 15–20%

Reduction of gas consumption

Increase in furnace throughput approx. 18%

Reduction of residues and stress on filtration systems

Result: higher capacity with the same infrastructure

Functional advantages

Adhesive-free structure

Absence of metal components; the closing screws are also made of bioPE — they are inserted with a simple pressure

Lightweight (approx. 20 kg); simplifies all operations

Structurally stable

Waterproof, which may improve hygienic management during waiting periods before cremation

These characteristics can simplify management, transportation and storage operations; aspects that can become particularly relevant in contexts where cremation demand is high and temporary storage periods occasionally occur.

Logistics and Storage Efficiency

The coffin has been engineered with a stackable geometry, enabling a substantial reduction in volume compared to traditional wooden coffins. This characteristic allows for a more efficient use of storage space and transportation capacity, contributing to improved logistics performance and reduced operational complexity across the supply chain.

The impact of this design can be summarized as follows:

ParameterWooden CoffinbioPE Coffin
Structural designRigidStackable (nestable)
Space required (storage & transport)100% baselineUp to –70% space required
Logistics efficiencyLimitedSignificantly improved
Supply chain optimizationConstrainedEnhanced
Operational handlingStandardSimplified

Estimated reduction based on stackable design compared to standard wooden coffin geometry.

04 — Efficiency

Industrial and Operational Efficiency

The manufacturing process is based on:

High-efficiency injection moulding

Scalable industrial processes

Consistent quality output

High-volume production capability

Bio-based polymers are already industrially available and compatible with existing manufacturing infrastructure.

No disruptive manufacturing change is required.

Technology and Protection

The technological concept is protected by an international patent portfolio (PCT) covering:

Europe
United States
Japan
China

Patent protection extends to both: the use of bio-based materials, and the functional configuration specifically optimised for cremation, making the solution difficult to replicate or bypass.

The objective of this protection is not only to safeguard the intellectual property associated with the concept, but also to support potential industrial development and responsible technological collaboration in different international contexts.

In this sense, the patented concept may provide a structured foundation for further technical evaluation and possible cooperative exploration with organizations involved in funeral services and cremation technologies.

Alberto Recchioni, Chemist, is Inventor & Patent Holder of the project.

05 — Consideration

Strategic Consideration

This project is not simply a replacement for an existing product, it is a goal.

After analyzing the project, Horizon Europe (European Commission) stated:
“The project using bioPE instead of wood to construct a cremation coffin offers a unique solution. The timing of introducing this solution to the market is urgent, given climate change and expected future legislative changes.”

This coffin is unique because it is completely different from anything else on the market, because it requires no new structural adaptations, and because it is able to meet the needs and desires of all funeral professionals.

A company that wants to be perceived as responsible and attentive to sustainability will find in this innovative coffin a powerful tool to build a strong public image.

Participating in the sustainable evolution of crematory practices further strengthens this positioning.

This technology represents:

An opportunity to improve operational efficiency

A measurable reduction in energy-related costs

A positioning advantage in sustainability

Potential differentiation in a consolidating market

Most importantly: this enables companies to become leaders in the evolution of sustainable processes.

Closing Consideration

In the context of long-term ESG responsibility, operational efficiency and governance stability, this innovation represents a structurally relevant opportunity to contribute to the evolution of cremation standards in Europe.

Beyond its measurable environmental and operational benefits, the strategic value of this solution lies in its capacity to redefine how cremation efficiency and emission accountability are integrated within a vertically structured funeral group.

In markets characterised by structural stability and limited systemic innovation, early positioning around measurable and scalable technological improvements can shape long-term competitive leadership.

06 — Q&A

Questions & Answers

The figures provided are based on controlled testing conducted in collaboration with the Department of Engineering of “Materia e Ambiente (SIMAU) Università Politecnica delle Marche” (Italy).

Full test protocols, measurement boundaries, and datasets can be shared under NDA for technical review.

The design concept has been developed to reduce unnecessary mass and structural complexity compared with traditional wooden coffins.

The overall weight of the coffin structure is approximately 20 kg, which is significantly lower than many traditional coffin designs.

Because the material mass is lower and the ignition phase may occur more rapidly, but without creating significant thermal stress for the cremation chamber (different energy)*.

In practice, the concept may contribute to a more efficient use of combustion energy rather than altering the normal operating parameters of cremation furnaces.

* Energy
bioPolyethylene (PE) ≈ 43 MJ/kg → 20 kg ≈ 860 MJ
Wood ≈ 14–18 MJ/kg → 70 kg ≈ 1000–1200 MJ

As with any technical innovation, verification through controlled operational testing would be recommended.

A biopolymer coffin burns as soon as it is placed in the oven, since the ignition temperature of biopolymers such as bioPE and bioPP is between (330/350°C).

the energy contribution is similar (total energy comparable to wood)

the coffin accounts for a smaller fraction of the total energy balance; the body dominates the process

the total cremation time is dominated by the body

the bioPE coffin burns faster than the wooden one

the combustion time of the coffin alone is reduced

Conclusion: a 15-20% reduction in total time is achieved, improved furnace efficiency, more cremations in the same time, and lower energy consumption.

It is not a futuristic technology, it is based on technologies and materials already industrially produced.

Braskem, the manufacturer of bioPE, guarantees delivery in short time and for any quantity requested.

The concept has been developed with particular attention to industrial feasibility.

From a technical perspective, the concept has been conceived with industrial manufacturability as a central design principle.

The manufacturing process is based on high-efficiency injection molding (16 coffin houar), enabling standardized, high-volume output with consistent quality.

Bio-based polyolefin materials such as bio-polyethylene maintain mechanical properties comparable to conventional polymers and are already produced on an industrial scale for many applications.

From a manufacturing perspective, the coffin structure has been designed with several characteristics that support industrial production:

simplified geometry

absence of metal components

absence of adhesive bonding

modular

The concept therefore does not rely on experimental materials or unconventional manufacturing processes, but rather on the adaptation of existing industrial capabilities to a new application.

Naturally, the transition from concept design to large-scale production would require further engineering development, prototyping and validation under operational conditions.

We can propose a company-wide implementation plan (pilot project → regional implementation → network scalability) and define contingency measures (dual sourcing of raw materials, safety stock policies and appropriate quality assurance protocols).

The structural characteristics of the concept may provide several logistical advantages.

The coffin is designed to be:

lightweight (approximately 20 kg)

structurally stable

stackable for efficient storage

waterproof, which may improve hygienic management during waiting periods before cremation

These characteristics may simplify handling and transport operations while maintaining appropriate dignity for funeral presentation.

Such operational aspects may become particularly relevant in contexts where cremation demand is high and temporary storage periods occasionally occur.

No. The solution is designed for integration without infrastructure retrofitting. Any operational changes would be procedural (e.g., handling and staging) rather than equipment-related, and can be validated during a pilot.

The solution is intended to create value through measurable operational efficiency and energy impact, not only through unit cost comparison. We suggest evaluating total cost impact per cremation, including gas consumption, cycle time, throughput consistency, and maintenance stress. We can model an specific business case using your baseline assumptions under confidentiality.

The concept has been developed with careful consideration of both operational and cultural aspects of funeral services.

The external design maintains a dignified and simple appearance consistent with contemporary funeral aesthetics.

In many regions, families are increasingly aware of environmental considerations and may appreciate solutions that reduce the environmental impact of cremation while maintaining ceremonial dignity.

The final acceptance of such a concept would naturally depend on cultural perception, presentation and the way in which the concept is integrated within existing funeral practices.

The solution is protected under an international patent portfolio (PCT) covering the U.S., EU, Japan, and China, addressing both the biobased material approach and the cremation-optimized functional configuration. We can provide patent documentation and outline licensing structures that support strategic protection.

We can support a pilot quickly once scope is agreed: define site selection criteria, provide sample volumes, align on measurement plan, and support training/handling procedures.

Timing details will be jointly defined based on operational calendars and specific compliance requirements.

Submitted by
Prof. Michele Germani

Director – Department of Engineering
Università Politecnica delle Marche – Ancona (Italy)